What materials do lithium-ion batteries contain?

What materials do lithium-ion batteries contain?

Lithium-ion batteries typically contain the following main materials:

Cathode material: 

usually an oxide, such as lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2), lithium manganate (LiMn2O4), lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4), 

etc. These materials can absorb and release lithium ions and are the main building blocks of battery cathodes.

Negative electrode material: 

usually carbon material, such as graphite. During the charge and discharge process, the negative electrode 

material adsorbs and releases lithium ions.

Electrolyte: 

usually a mixture of organic solvents and lithium salts, such as ethylene carbonate (EC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and 

lithium salts such as lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6). The electrolyte serves as an ion conductive medium and is responsible for 

transporting lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes.

Separator: 

The separator is usually made of polymer material and is used to isolate the positive and negative electrodes, prevent short 

circuits, and allow lithium ions to pass through. Common materials include polypropylene film (polypropylene, PP) and polyethylene 

film (polyethylene, PE).

Current collector: 

A current collector is usually a conductive material made of copper foil or aluminum foil, which is connected to 

the positive and negative electrodes respectively for collecting current.

These materials combine to form a typical lithium-ion battery.